Search results for "binary [black hole]"

showing 10 items of 170 documents

Exploring or exporting? Qualitative methods in times of globalisation

2011

Europeanism, westernism and methodological imperialism all refer to the classic criticism of Western research in non-Western contexts. Though I welcome the debate, I find arguments based on simple binary oppositions and descriptions problematic. This debate is better positioned as one about the quality of qualitative research. With reference to the criticism I ask if contemporary qualitative research is stuck in old problems. Based on my ethnographic data from East Africa I show that the pitfalls of Western research that are pointed to in classic criticisms are the outcome of old models and poor analytic work. I also show that contemporary ‘Western’ qualitative research offers analytic alte…

Binary oppositionGlobalizationHegemonyEthnographyGeneral Social SciencesCriticismQuality (philosophy)SociologySocial scienceEuropeanismQualitative researchEpistemologyInternational Journal of Social Research Methodology
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A discursive analysis of oppositional interpretations of the agro-food system: A case study of Latvia

2015

Abstract This article critically reflects on the literature that addresses the complexity of food systems, which is often caught in application of simplistic binary oppositions of local vs. global, short vs. long, sustainable vs. intensive, etc. It then goes on to show, through a case study analysis of food-system discourses in Latvia how the binary oppositions surrounding with food systems, are actually mobilised in a specific national context. Agro-food systems are often explained through binary opposing knowledge systems that, depending on the theoretical affiliation of the author, might be called frames, narratives or discourses. These powerful instruments are used to explain, and often…

Binary oppositionSociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectGeography Planning and DevelopmentContext (language use)DevelopmentEpistemologySustainabilityFood systemsNarrativeSociologySocial scienceExplanatory powerIntertextualityDiversity (politics)media_commonJournal of Rural Studies
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Sociolinguistics from the Periphery

2016

This leading team of scholars presents a fascinating book about change: shifting political, economic and cultural conditions; ephemeral, sometimes even seasonal, multilingualism; and altered imaginaries for minority and indigenous languages and their users. The authors refer to this network of interlinked changes as the new conditions surrounding small languages (Sámi, Corsican, Irish and Welsh) in peripheral sites. Starting from the conviction that peripheral sites can and should inform the sociolinguistics of globalisation, the book explores how new modes of reflexivity, more transactional frames for authenticity, commodification of peripheral resources, and boundary-transgression with hu…

Binary oppositionWelshGlobalizationCommodificationIrishComputer scienceReflexivityMedia studieslanguageMultilingualismlanguage.human_languageLinguisticsSociolinguistics
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Numerical Simulations of Relativistic Wind Accretion onto Black Holes Using Godunov-Type Methods

2001

We have studied numerically the so-called Bondi-Hoyle (wind) accretion onto a rotating black hole in general relativity. We have used the Kerr-Schild form of the Kerr metric, free of coordinate singularities at the black hole horizon. The ‘test-fluid’ approximation has been adopted, assuming no dynamical evolution of the gravitational field. We have used a formulation of the relativistic hydrodynamic equations which casts them into a first-order hyperbolic system of conservation laws. Our studies were performed using a Godunov-type scheme based on Marquina’s flux-formula.

Black holePhysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyNumerical relativityClassical mechanicsRotating black holeBinary black holeEvent horizonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaWhite holeExtremal black holeAstrophysicsCharged black hole
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Design of efficient codes for the AWGN channel based on decomposable binary lattices

1998

This work is concerned with the use of binary decomposable lattice codes over the QAM Gaussian channel. First, we investigate the structure of such class of lattices: we derive consistency conditions for the binary codes appearing in their decomposition and express their nominal coding gain and some bounds for their error coefficient in terms of the parameters of the component codes. Then we describe a general multistage bounded‐distance decoding algorithm with low complexity and we evaluate its performance. Finally, we develop a design example and report the corresponding simulation results; as a reference some comparisons with standard TCM codes are also presented.

Block codeTheoretical computer scienceApplied MathematicsConcatenated error correction codeBinary numberLinear codeCoding gainComputer Science Applicationssymbols.namesakeAdditive white Gaussian noiseComputational Theory and MathematicssymbolsBinary codeElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAlgorithmDecoding methodsMathematics
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Extropy: Complementary Dual of Entropy

2015

This article provides a completion to theories of information based on entropy, resolving a longstanding question in its axiomatization as proposed by Shannon and pursued by Jaynes. We show that Shannon's entropy function has a complementary dual function which we call "extropy." The entropy and the extropy of a binary distribution are identical. However, the measure bifurcates into a pair of distinct measures for any quantity that is not merely an event indicator. As with entropy, the maximum extropy distribution is also the uniform distribution, and both measures are invariant with respect to permutations of their mass functions. However, they behave quite differently in their assessments…

Bregman divergenceFOS: Computer and information sciencesStatistics and ProbabilitySettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaKullback–Leibler divergenceComputer Science - Information TheoryGeneral MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesBinary numberMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)Kullback–Leibler divergenceBregman divergenceproper scoring rulesGini index of heterogeneityDifferential entropyBinary entropy functionFOS: MathematicsEntropy (information theory)Statistical physicsDual functionAxiomMathematicsdifferential and relative entropy/extropy Kullback- Leibler divergence Bregman divergence duality proper scoring rules Gini index of heterogeneity repeat rate.Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniDifferential and relative entropy/extropyInformation Theory (cs.IT)Probability (math.PR)repeat ratePhysics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilitydualityStatistics Probability and UncertaintySettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaMathematics - ProbabilityData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)Statistical Science
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Drug Activity Characterization Using One-Class Support Vector Machines with Counterexamples

2013

The problem of detecting chemical activity in drugs from its molecular description constitutes a challenging and hard learning task. The corresponding prediction problem can be tackled either as a binary classification problem (active versus inactive compounds) or as a one class problem. The first option leads usually to better prediction results when measured over small and fixed databases while the second could potentially lead to a much better characterization of the active class which could be more important in more realistic settings. In this paper, a comparison of these two options is presented when support vector models are used as predictors.

Chemical activitybusiness.industryCharacterization (mathematics)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreClass (biology)Task (project management)Support vector machineDrug activityBinary classificationArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerMathematicsCounterexample
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Balance Properties and Distribution of Squares in Circular Words

2008

We study balance properties of circular words over alphabets of size greater than two. We give some new characterizations of balanced words connected to the Kawasaki-Ising model and to the notion of derivative of a word. Moreover we consider two different generalizations of the notion of balance, and we find some relations between them. Some of our results can be generalised to non periodic infinite words as well.

CombinatoricsBalance (metaphysics)Distribution (number theory)Settore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Combinatoria delle Parole Parole Sturmiane parole circolari Parole BilanciateComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryBinary alphabetWord (group theory)Mathematics
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Balanced Words Having Simple Burrows-Wheeler Transform

2009

The investigation of the "clustering effect" of the Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) leads to study the words having simple BWT , i.e. words w over an ordered alphabet $A=\{a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_k\}$, with $a_1 < a_2 < \ldots <a_k$, such that $bwt(w)$ is of the form $a_k^{n_k} a_{k-1}^{n_{k-1}} \cdots a_1^{n_1}$, for some non-negative integers $n_1, n_2, \ldots, n_k$. We remark that, in the case of binary alphabets, there is an equivalence between words having simple BWT, the family of (circular) balanced words and the conjugates of standard words. In the case of alphabets of size greater than two, there is no more equivalence between these notions. As a main result of this paper we prove that, u…

CombinatoricsConjugacy classClustering effectBurrows–Wheeler transformSettore INF/01 - InformaticaBurrows Wheeler Transform Combinatorics on Words Balanced sequences epistandard rich words words having simple BWTBinary numberBurrows-Wheeler TransformAlphabetBinary alphabetBurrows-Wheeler Transform; Clustering effectMathematics
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Hyperidentities of some generalizations of lattices

1998

In the paper we present bases and hyperbases of hyperidentities of some generalizations of the variety L of all lattices and the variety D of distributive lattices. We describe the form of hyperidentities of some varieties with two binary operations.

CombinatoricsPure mathematicsAlgebra and Number TheoryDistributive propertyBinary operationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeLattice (order)Distributive latticeMathematicsAlgebra Universalis
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